Wigeze wibaza uko abarimu bamenya niba abanyeshuri babo koko bumvise amasomo? Igisubizo kiri mu isuzuma rikozwe neza. Nk’uko umukanishi mwiza akenera ibikoresho byiza byo gusuzuma ikibazo cy’imodoka, abarimu nabo bifashisha uburyo butandukanye bwo gusuzuma kugira ngo bamenye aho abanyeshuri bageze mu myigire yabo.
Isuzuma si ugutanga amanota gusa, ahubwo ni uburyo bwo kwemeza ko abanyeshuri bari ku murongo w’ibyo bagomba kumenya. Ukoresheje uburyo butandukanye bwo gusuzuma, abarimu bashobora kumenya aho abanyeshuri bazi neza n’aho bakeneye ubufasha. Ibi bituma bashobora guhindura uburyo bwabo bwo kwigisha kugira ngo bujyane n’ibyo abanyeshuri bakeneye.
Muri ubu buryo bwo gusuzuma, hari ibikoresho bibiri by’ingenzi: ibikoresho by’isuzuma (assessment instruments) n’imfashanyigisho zo gutanga amanota (marking guides). Reka dusobanukirwe uko bikora n’akamaro kabyo mu myigire.
Ibikoresho by’Isuzuma ni iki?
Tekereza uri umwarimu cyangwa umutoza ushaka kumenya niba abanyeshuri bawe bumvise neza amasomo. Ibikoresho by’isuzuma ni ibikoresho bifasha mu gukusanya ibimenyetso by’imyigire y’abanyeshuri. Si ibizamini byanditse gusa, ahubwo hari uburyo butandukanye bwo gupima ubumenyi.
Itandukaniro ry’igikoresho cy’isuzuma n’igikoresho cy’ikizamini:
Nk’uko Australian Skills Quality Authority (ASQA) ibisobanura, igikoresho cy’isuzuma (assessment instrument) ni uburyo runaka bwo gukusanya ibimenyetso, nko gukora ikizamini cyanditse cyangwa umushinga. Naho igikoresho cy’ikizamini (assessment tool) ni igitekerezo rusange kirimo igikoresho ubwacyo, ibikoresho bifasha ndetse n’uburyo bwo gusuzuma ibimenyetso.
Ubwoko bw’ibikoresho by’isuzuma bikunze gukoreshwa:
- Ibizamini byanditse: Bikoreshwa cyane mu gupima ubumenyi bw’ingenzi, ariko si bwo buryo bwiza ku bushobozi buhambaye.
- Imishinga: Ifasha abanyeshuri kwiga neza no kugaragaza ibyo bamenye binyuze mu bushakashatsi cyangwa kwerekana ibyavuye mu isuzuma.
- Ibikorwa by’amakoraniro (Presentations): Bishobora gupima ubushobozi bwo kuvuga mu ruhame no kwerekana ibyo umuntu azi.
- Porogaramu y’ibikorwa by’umunyeshuri (Portfolio): Iyi ni dosiye irimo ibikoresho bitandukanye byerekana iterambere ry’umunyeshuri mu gihe runaka.
- Ibikorwa ngiro (Practical tasks): Nk’iyo abanyeshuri bakora imyitozo ijyanye n’akazi bazakoramo.
- Ibizamini byo kuri interineti: Byoroshya gusuzuma ubumenyi mu buryo bwihuse kandi bworoshye.
- Ubusesenguzi bw’imiterere y’ikibazo (Case Studies): Byifashishwa mu kwiga no gusobanura ibibazo by’ukuri.
- Akazi gakorerwa mu matsinda: Gasesengura ubushobozi bwo gukorana n’abandi no gutanga ibitekerezo mu itsinda.
Guhitamo Igikoresho Kiboneye ku Isuzuma
Buri buryo bw’isuzuma bugira uko bwifashishwa bitewe n’icyo ushaka gupima. Nk’uko watoranya igikoresho gikwiye ku murimo runaka, ni ngombwa no guhitamo igikoresho cy’isuzuma gihuye n’intego z’imyigire.
Ibintu by’ingenzi byo kwitaho:
- Intego z’imyigire: Ni ubuhe bumenyi cyangwa ubumenyi ngiro abanyeshuri bagomba kugaragaza?
- Ibyifuzo by’abanyeshuri: Hari abiga neza binyuze mu kwandika, abandi mu biganiro cyangwa mu bikorwa ngiro.
- Uburebure bw’isuzuma: Urashaka gupima ubumenyi bwose cyangwa ubushobozi runaka?
- Imiterere y’uburyo bw’imyigire: Hari abiga neza babonye amashusho, abandi bumva, abandi bagakora.
Urugero:
- Abanyeshuri bakunda amashusho: Bakeneye imbonerahamwe, ibishushanyo, cyangwa impapuro zisobanura.
- Abanyeshuri bumva neza ibyavuzwe: Bashobora gukorwa n’ibiganiro, impaka, cyangwa ibisobanuro.
- Abakunda gukora ibintu bifatika: Bafashwa n’imyitozo, imyidagaduro, cyangwa kwerekana ibyo bazi mu bikorwa bifatika.
Imfashanyigisho zo Gutanga Amanota (Marking Guides)
Iyo umaze gukoresha ibikoresho by’isuzuma, hakurikiraho uburyo bwo gutanga amanota mu buryo bwumvikana kandi bwuzuye. Imfashanyigisho zo gutanga amanota (rubrics) zifasha abarimu kumenya aho bagomba gushyira abanyeshuri no kwirinda ivangura mu gutanga amanota.
Nk’uko Queensland Curriculum and Assessment Authority ibivuga, imfashanyigisho zo gutanga amanota zifasha abarimu kugira uburyo bwihariye bwo gusuzuma imikorere y’umunyeshuri.
Ibiri mu mfashanyigisho zo gutanga amanota:
- Intego z’imyigire: Ibisabwa ku banyeshuri birasobanurwa neza.
- Urwego rw’ubushobozi: Aho abanyeshuri bashyirwa bitewe n’uburyo bitwaye mu kizamini.
- Ibisobanuro by’uburyo bw’imikorere: Hari ibisobanuro bifasha umwarimu kumenya impamvu umunyeshuri ahawe amanota runaka.
Uburyo bwo gukoresha marking guides:
- Kugabanya ivangura mu gutanga amanota: Ibi bikuraho kwitiranya imyumvire bwite y’umwarimu n’ubumenyi bw’umunyeshuri.
- Gutanga ubusobanuro bwuzuye ku banyeshuri: Ubashishikariza gukosora ahari intege nke.
- Kongera ubumenyi bw’abanyeshuri: Bubafasha kumenya aho bakwiye gushyira imbaraga.
Kwihugura mu Isuzuma no Gutanga Amanota
Uburyo bwo gusuzuma burakomeza guhinduka, ni ngombwa gukomeza kwihugura kugira ngo hakoreshwe uburyo bugezweho kandi bwizewe.
Iyo ukoresha isuzuma rikwiye:
✅ Abanyeshuri baba bafite ubushake bwo kwiga.
✅ Bamenya neza ibyo bakeneye gukosora.
✅ Abarimu bagira ubushobozi bwo gutanga amanota mu buryo bwumvikana kandi bwemewe.
Uburyo bwo kongera ubumenyi mu isuzuma:
- Kwitabira amahugurwa y’abarimu
- Gusoma inyandiko zirebana n’uburyo bwo gutanga amanota
- Kugerageza uburyo bushya bwo gukosora no gutanga amanota
Mu Rwanda no ku isi hose, abarimu barasabwa kongera ubumenyi mu isuzuma kugira ngo bafashe abanyeshuri kubona amanota akwiye kandi atanga ishusho nyayo y’ubumenyi bwabo.
Iyo ushyize imbaraga mu gukoresha ibikoresho by’isuzuma n’imfashanyigisho zo gutanga amanota, uburere butera imbere kandi abanyeshuri bagira amahirwe yo gutsinda neza. 🚀
